Timeline

• 17.03.1694
• Resolution of the General States on the introduction of a common silver coin standard for the United Netherlands; effective per proclamation of 25.05.1694
• 26.12.1806
• Royal decree on the issuance of gold coins and the adoption of the bimetallic standard; effective 01.01.1807
• 1810-1813
• French annexation of the Netherlands:
  - 30.08.1810: French imperial decree on the rating of the circulating coins: 1 Netherlands Guilder = 2.10 French Francs; 1 Dukat (trade coin) = 11.02 French Francs; 1 Rijksdaalder (trade coin) = 5.25 French Francs
  - during 1812: Utrecht mint started producing French coins of 20, 5, 2, 1, ½ Francs
  - 02.12.1813: Termination of the minting of French coins (and destruction of the dies)
  - 19.01.1814: Princely decree [Staatsblad no. 16] on the resumption of the minting of Dutch trade coins by the Utrecht mint.
• 28.09.1816
• Currency law [Muntwet, Staatsblad no. 50] of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, retained the bimetallic standard; effective 01.12.1816
  - In the southern provinces (later Belgium), the French currency remained accepted at a rate of 100 French Francs = 47¼ Netherlands Guilders
  - 25.02.1825: Law [Staatsblad no. 8] on the demonetization of the French currency in the southern provinces (later Belgium); effective 31.12.1825.
• 22.03.1839
• Currency law [Muntwet, Staatsblad no. 6] on the reduction of the gold-to-silver ratio; effective immediately (?)
• 18.12.1845
• Law [Staatsblad no. 90] on the paper money issuance by the government; effective 01.06.1847 (by royal decree [Staatsblad no. 20] of 30.04.1847
• 26.11.1847
• Currency law [Muntwet, Staatsblad no. 69] on the switch to the silver standard, gold coins were to be issued as bullion without denomination; effective immediately (?)
  - 17.09.1849: Law [Staatsblad no. 46], withdrew legal tender status of the former gold coinage and allowed exchange into government paper money; effective immediately
  - 22.06.1850: End of exchange period for the former gold coins against paper money
  - 01.05.1854: Law [Staatsblad no. 76] on the stop of issuance of bullion coins ("Willem d'Or"); effective immediately.
• 22.12.1863
• Bank law [Bankwet, Staatsblad no. 6] on the establishment of the Bank of the Netherlands (chartered on 01.04.1814 by princely decree [Staatsblad no. 40] of 25.03.1814) as central bank (initially for 25 years, extended several times and unlimited since 1948); effective 01.04.1864
  - 18.07.1904: Law [Staatsblad no. 189] on the paper money issuance by the Bank of the Netherlands; effective 01.10.1904
• 06.06.1875
• Currency law [Staatsblad no. 117] on the switch to the gold standard and issuance of circulating gold coins; effective 01.07.1875

Valuation Regimes

• 1694-1806
• Metallic currency based on circulating silver coins. Base weight was the Dutch troy mark / 8 ounces / 640 as at 246.084 grams.
• 1806-1847
• Metallic currency based on circulating gold and silver coins. Base weight was the Dutch troy mark / 8 ounces / 640 as at 246.084 grams.
• 1847-1875
• Metallic currency based on circulating silver coins, the former gold coins circulated as bullion. Base weight was the Dutch troy mark / 8 ounces / 640 as at 246.084 grams.
• 1875-1914
• Metallic currency based on circulating gold coins
• 1914-1925
• Variable rate, the gold standard was suspended on 31.07.1914
• 1925-1940
• Fixed rate against gold.
• 1940-1945
• Fixed rate against German Reichsmark (during the occupation)
• 1945-1949
• Fixed rate against British Pound; already introduced in the Anglo-Dutch Currency Agreement of 14.09.1944 between the Dutch government-in-exile and the United Kingdom.
• 1949-1971
• Fixed rate against US Dollar
• 1971-1998
• Variable rate

Timeline

• 03.05.1998
• Decision of the European Council [CELEX 31998D0317] to admit 11 member states to the European Monetary Union; effective 01.01.1999
• 31.12.1998
• Ordinance of the European Council [CELEX 31998R2866], determines the irrevocable conversion rates for the 11 member countries; effective 01.01.1999
• 01.01.1999
• Start of currency exchange:
  - 01.01.1999: Introduction of the European Euro as a unit of account (while retaining the national banknotes and coins) at a rate to the Netherlands Guilder of 1 : 2.20371
  - 01.01.2002: Start of issuance of banknotes and coins denominated in Euro
  - 28.02.2002: Demonetization of the banknotes and coins in Netherlands Guilder.